Best Study Wall Maps (Oct. 2026) - Rated by CherryPicks' Experts

At a Glance: Our Top Picks

Top 1

Adams Time Chart 3.0 Map of History Adam's Bible World Map for Wall Book | Fo...

9.8
CPR Score
Top 2

Formula 1 Circuits: Maps and statistics from every Grand Prix track

9.8
CPR Score
Top 3

1650 US Native American Tribes Map Indian Languages - Linguistic Stocks Poste...

9.6
CPR Score
Tips


Our team has analyzed 306 products of different Education & Crafts brands, including Penguin Random House, Generic, Palace Learning, Collins, Swiftmaps, Maps International, SUPVOX And ArtCantHurtU. The following list of top 30 Study Wall Maps is prepared for the customers by analyzing 306 Study Wall Maps reviews and comparing different features. 

* CherryPicks.Reviews is reader-supported, Our editor review, and recommend the best products based on extensive data analysis, if you click on the product links, we may earn a commission through qualifying products purchased.

The Best Study Wall Maps Rated by CherryPicks

Market Overview
Study Wall Maps Reviewed
  • Reviews Analyzed: 60,521 Items
  • CPR Avg. Rating: 8.5 / 10
30 Products Evaluated
  • Highest Price: $49.98
  • Lowest Price: $7.99
  • Avg. Price: $19.23
Price Disclaimer

Top 30 Study Wall Maps on Amazon (Verified You can Buy)

Top 1

Adams Time Chart 3.0 Map of History Adam's Bible World Map for Wall Book | Foldout Biblical & World History Timeline, 21-Panel Visual Study Chart for Homeschool, Church, Classroom & Display

KJZXF
20.0 x 10.0 x 0.2 inches

Ratings for KJZXF (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
QLPSAFJ® - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

6,000 YEARS OF HISTORY IN ONE VIEW: Explore biblical and world history across a continuous synchronological timeline, connecting major civilizations, kingdoms, historical figures and events in chronological order.
21-PANEL FOLDOUT TIMELINE: Accordion-style panels unfold into an extended history chart for detailed study, while the hardcover format folds back neatly for compact storage, reading and repeated reference.
Show More
Top 2

Formula 1 Circuits: Maps and statistics from every Grand Prix track

Collins
Kindle eBook
  • Author: Hamilton, Maurice, Collins Books
  • Published: English

Ratings for Collins (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
HarperCollins Publishers - ❌ ❌ ❌
Top 3

1650 US Native American Tribes Map Indian Languages - Linguistic Stocks Poster Historical Poster Unframed - Social Studies Classroom Decorations (16"x22")

ArtCantHurtU
22.0 x 16.0 x 0.1 inches
0.375 Pounds

Ratings for ArtCantHurtU (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
ArtCantHurtU - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

Map of Native American History of Linguistics; Size: 16"x22" Unframed map printed on premium 36lb matte paper with fade resistant, premium inks and includes a white border on all sides to allow for matting and framing.
Thoughtful Gift; Discover tribal territories languages and culture while exploring the westward migration and locations of various Native American tribes.
Show More

Laminated World Map & US Map Poster Set - 18" x 29" - Wall Chart Maps of the World & United States - Made in the USA (LAMINATED)

Palace Learning
2PK-BLUE-USA/WORLD-18x29
18.0 x 29.0 x 0.0394 Inches
Wall Map
  • Unknown: English

Ratings for Palace Learning (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Palace Learning 4,587 ✅ ✅ ✅
Amazon Resale - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

Made in the USA
Updated
Show More
Top 5

2 Pack Laminated World Map & USA Map Poster Set – 18"x29" Wall Chart | Educational Geography Decor for Classroom, Home, School, Office | Matte No-Glare with Adhesive Stickers

NOWMAP
2PK-PB-USA/WORLD-18x29
29.0 x 18.0 x 0.0394 Inches
0.25 pounds
Wall Map
  • Unknown: English

Ratings for NOWMAP (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
NOWMAP - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

EXPLORE THE WORLD & THE USA – Includes detailed 18" x 29" World Map and USA Map posters, making it easy to compare destinations, discover new places and see the bigger picture
GLARE-FREE MATTE LAMINATION – Special matte laminated coating reduces reflections from sunlight and indoor lighting for a clear and comfortable viewing experience
Show More

2 Pack - World Map Poster & USA Map Chart [Tan/Color] (LAMINATED, 18” x 29”)

Palace Learning
2PK-WORLD/USA-T/C
18.0 x 29.0 x 0.0394 inches
0.4189 Pounds
Wall Map
  • Unknown: English

Ratings for Palace Learning (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Palace Learning 4,587 ✅ ✅ ✅
Amazon Resale - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

Set of 2 Posters Made in the USA
Map posters are 18” x 29” in size
Show More

World Map and USA Map for Kids - 2 Poster Set - LAMINATED - Wall Chart Poster of the United States and the World (18 x 24)

Palace Learning
24.0 x 18.0 x 0.0394 inches
  • Unknown: English

Ratings for Palace Learning (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Palace Learning 4,587 ✅ ✅ ✅

Features

High-quality 3 MIL lamination for added durability
Tear Resistant
Show More

Large Blank World Outline Map Poster, Laminated, 36” x 24” | Great Blank Wall Map for Classroom or Home Study | Free Dry Erase Marker Included | Includes Detailed Laminated Answer Sheet | Learn Fast!

South of Kings
11.0 x 17.0 x 0.0394 inches
0.75 pounds

Ratings for South of Kings (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
The Map Shop - ✅ ✅ ✅

Features

EXPERTLY DESIGNED BLANK WORLD MAP. Clean map outline design made by professional cartographers.
LAMINATED & PROTECTED. Each map is printed on high-quality 36lb paper then protected with a 3mil satin-gloss laminate on both sides. Dry/wet erase markers can be used to write on the map, then cleanly wipe away.
Show More

24x36 World and USA Classic Premier 3D Two Wall Map Set (Laminated)

Swiftmaps
SM WLD USA CL PREM SM FBA
24.0 x 1.0 x 1.0 inches
0.5004 Pounds
  • Contributor: Swiftmaps

Ratings for Swiftmaps (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
swiftmap 3,875 ✅ ✅ ✅
Amazon Resale - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

Large 24x36 poster World and USA Maps - LAMINATED for Dry-Erase
2 Map Set - each wall map printed on 100lb paper
Show More

Large Blank United States Outline Map Poster, Laminated, 36” x 24” | Great Blank Wall Map for Classroom or Home Study | Free Dry Erase Marker Included | Includes Detailed Laminated Answer Sheet

South of Kings
24.0 x 36.0 x 0.1 inches
Wall Map

Ratings for South of Kings (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
The Map Shop - ✅ ✅ ✅

Features

EXPERTLY DESIGNED BLANK US MAP. Clean map outline design made by professional cartographers.
LAMINATED & PROTECTED. Each map is printed on high-quality 36lb paper then protected with a 3mil satin-gloss laminate on both sides. Dry/wet erase markers can be used to write on the map, then cleanly wipe away.
Show More

USA Wall Map for Kids with Illustrations- United States Poster Map for Home or Classroom, (18” x 29” Laminated)

Lighthouse Geographics
44010
29.0 x 18.0 x 0.0394 inches
0.2205 pounds
Print
  • Unknown: English

Ratings for Lighthouse Geographics (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Reference Resources - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

Premium Quality: This United States map is made from high-quality, durable materials and designed for years of use. The vibrant colors and detailed illustrations add a touch of elegance to any room or office.
Detailed and Informative: This USA map is filled with useful information, including state borders, national parks, major cities, and rivers. The illustrations of each state's unique landmarks and culture add an extra layer of interest and education.
Show More

Usa Map Poster Wall Art, Writable Erasable UV Paper | Classroom Learning Poster, Space Efficient Size for Home Study Desk Area, Whiteboards and Windows

SUPVOX
O213266MGVZM
0.11 pounds
.ali
  • Unknown: English

Ratings for SUPVOX (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
ZEZHNLIN - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

Bright colors and patterns: they will make learning full of fun and engaging for individuals potential,teaching supplies,world map poster for
Good printing: the printing of the product is better, and the writing pattern is clear ideal for homeschooling or improving geography knowledge,united states map for classroom,us maps for wall
Show More

Swiftmaps World Premier Wall Map Poster Mural 24h x 36w

Swiftmaps
36.0 x 24.0 x 0.1 inches
0.125 pounds
Folded Map
  • Published: English

Ratings for Swiftmaps (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
swiftmap 3,875 ✅ ✅ ✅
Amazon Resale - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

FOLDED EDITION - portable 8x10 inch folded size
WORLD MAP is printed on 24lb paper
Show More

Laminated World Map - 18" x 29" - Wall Chart Map of the World - Made in the USA

Palace Learning
UK-LONG-BLUE-WORLD
7.0866 x 11.4173 x 0.1 inches
0.1984 Pounds
Wall Map
  • Unknown: English

Ratings for Palace Learning (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Palace Learning 4,587 ✅ ✅ ✅

Features

Made in the USA
Updated
Show More

Rand McNally Classic World Wall Map

Rand McNally
0528012770
32.0 x 50.0 x 0.0394 Inches
0.0006 pounds
Wall Map
  • Author: Rand McNally
  • Published, Original Language, Unknown: English

Ratings for Rand McNally (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Amazon.com - ✅ ✅ ✅

Features

With a parchment paper look and muted colors, this map offers a sophisticated accent for your office or home. The map shows clear detail of world locations for quick reference.
Accurate digital reproduction of world locations.
Show More

Rand McNally Classic Edition U.S. Wall Map – Laminated Rolled

Rand McNally
0528013807
50.0 x 32.0 x 0.1 Inches
Wall Map
  • Author: Rand McNally
  • Published, Original Language, Unknown: English

Ratings for Rand McNally (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Amazon.com - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

Completely up-to-date US map
Color-matching relief to show topographical changes and for easy identification of mountain ranges
Show More

24x36 World Classic Wall Map Poster Mural Laminated

Swiftmaps
24.0 x 36.0 x 0.1 inches
0.25 Pounds

Ratings for Swiftmaps (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Amazon Resale - ❌ ❌ ❌
swiftmap 3,875 ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

Large poster laminated world map
3mil Lamination - perfect for dry-erase
Show More

Paul's Missionary Journeys Bible Story Study Map Poster Canvas Wall Art Painting Bedroom Decoration For Home, Office, Classroom Unframe-style Unframe-style24x36inch(60x90cm)

Generic
36.0 x 24.0 x 0.2 inches

Ratings for Generic (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Shenghanyao Commercial Center, Fengze District, Quanzhou - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

VARIOUS SIZES:We have both framed and frameless styles, each in five different sizes, to meet your diverse needs.Please leave a message for other sizes. We can also customize any design, you can send us your photo and we can make it for you.
ART DESIGN: The Map Poster is beautifully designed to showcase the rich history. This map poster is a must-have for history buffs, educators, and avid Bible researchers.
Show More

Rand McNally Classic Edition World Wall Map – Laminated Rolled

Rand McNally
0528013769
50.0 x 32.0 x 0.1 Inches
0.6504 pounds
Wall Map
  • Author: Rand McNally
  • Published, Original Language, Unknown: English

Ratings for Rand McNally (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Amazon.com - ✅ ✅ ✅
Amazon Resale - ❌ ❌ ❌

GUTTATY Middle Earth Map Canvas Wall Art, Vintage Style Fantasy Poster, Antique Toned Canvas Prints, Rustic Wall Hanging Artwork for Study Room, Office or Game Room Decor, 18x24 Inch

GUTTATY
24.0 x 18.0 x 0.1 Inches
0.72 Pounds
Wall Map
  • Unknown: English

Ratings for GUTTATY (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Houseiart - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

Emotional Connection - Capture the nostalgia of epic journeys with this vintage-style Middle Earth map. More than just wall decor, it inspires imagination and admiration for fantasy storytelling, making it a standout piece for fans of mythical worlds.
Easy to Hang - Crafted with a sturdy pinewood frame and stretched by hand for a smooth, gallery-quality finish. Available in 0.8 or 1.5-inch thickness for visual depth. Comes pre-installed with hanging hardware—making it simple to install in your study, den, or media room.
Show More

National Geographic World Wall Map - Executive (Poster Size: 36 x 24 in) (National Geographic Reference Map)

National Geographic
RE01020375
3.25 x 3.25 x 27.0 inches
0.3197 Pounds
  • Author: National Geographic Maps
  • Published, Original Language, Unknown: English

Ratings for National Geographic (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Amazon.com - ✅ ✅ ✅
Ambis Enterprises 2,952 ✅ ✅ ✅

National Geographic World Wall Map - Executive - Laminated (46 x 30.5 in) (National Geographic Reference Map)

National Geographic
1.9685 x 31.1811 x 1.9685 inches
1.3669 Pounds
Wall Map
  • Author: National Geographic Maps
  • Published, Original Language, Unknown: English

Ratings for National Geographic (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Amazon.com - ❌ ❌ ❌
Amazon Resale - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

Expertly researched and designed, National Geographic's World Wall Map is the authoritative map of the world by which other reference maps are measured.
Antique-style "executive" color palette
Show More

The Growth Map: Economic Opportunity in the BRICs and Beyond

Penguin Random House
Kindle eBook
  • Author: O'Neill, Jim
  • Published, Original Language: English

Ratings for Penguin Random House (CPR Score)

Maps International Giant World Map - Mega-Map Of The World - 46 x 80 - Full Lamination

Maps International
FBA_WM001-487
39.2992 x 2.3583 x 0.0394 inches
1.6314 pounds
Print
  • Published: Spanish
  • Audio Description, Original Language, Unknown: English

Ratings for Maps International (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Maps International® - ✅ ✅ ✅

Features

Extra large wall map is the largest world map available as a single printed sheet: this giant map of the world measures an enormous 46 x 80 inches, with a 1:20m scale, making it an eye catching addition to any room. Perfect map for your back to school supplies.
Stunning detail: the political map of the world features colored countries, clear towns and cities, and the world map is finished with hill and sea shading.
Show More
Top 25

Your Money Map: A Proven 7-Step Guide to True Financial Freedom

Kindle eBook
  • Author: Dayton, Howard
  • Published: English

Ratings for Your Money Map: A Proven 7-Step Guide to True Financial Freedom (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Amazon.com Services LLC - ❌ ❌ ❌

Extra Large Blank 50 United States Outline Map Poster Laminated | Blank US Wall Map for Educators Classroom or Home Study 22x34 + Dry Erase Marker

Zieglerworld
34.0 x 22.0 x 0.0394 inches
Wall Map
  • Unknown: English

Ratings for Zieglerworld (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
ZieglerWorld - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

Map of the 50 United States - Blank - Perfect for Educators, Classroom and Home Study.
Laminated with heavy duty 5 Mil laminate - Heavier than others on the market.
Show More
Top 27

LWQCHW U.S. State Abbreviations Wall Art, United States Map Classroom Decor | Color-Coded State Map Reference for Geography Lessons and Study Spaces(Unframed,12x18inch/30x45cm)

LWQCHW
LWQCHW
12.0 x 18.0 x 0.1969 inches

Ratings for LWQCHW (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
HangjiaShop - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

State Abbreviation Map: Displays U.S. states with their standard two-letter abbreviations in one color-coded map.
Regional Color Groups: Distinct color areas help separate parts of the country while keeping state boundaries visible.
Show More

Colorful World Map with Flags & Capitals + 50 Interesting Facts - XL Wall Art Poster for Home & Classroom - Educational for Kids & Adults

The World Game
WM-2411-EN5
38.189 x 26.378 x 0.0394 inches
0.6614 pounds
Wall Map
  • Published: Spanish
  • Original Language, Unknown: English

Ratings for The World Game (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
The World Game - ✅ ✅ ✅

Features

Map of the World - Up-to-date world map for kids and adults. Thoughtful design for fast learning including world flags and color coded continents.
50 Interesting Facts - We picked the world most interesting facts and landmarks. It includes all of world countries, flags and capitals.
Show More

2 Pack - Laminated World Map & US Map Poster Set - Wall Chart Map of the World & United States - Made in the USA [Yellow]

Palace Learning
2-YELLOW-USA-WORLD
18.0 x 29.0 x 0.0394 inches
0.4409 Pounds
Poster Calendar
  • Unknown: English

Ratings for Palace Learning (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Palace Learning 4,587 ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

18” x 29” in size
Heavy duty lamination for added durability
Show More

Equal Earth World Map Poster - map design shows continents at true relative size. (LAMINATED, 18” x 29”)

Palace Learning
UK-LONG-BLUE-EQUALEARTH
18.0 x 29.0 x 0.1 inches
Wall Map
  • Published, Unknown: English

Ratings for Palace Learning (CPR Score)

Seller CPR Rank Amazon Fulfilled Prime Free Shipping
Palace Learning 4,587 ❌ ❌ ❌
Amazon Resale - ❌ ❌ ❌

Features

18” x 29” in size
Heavy duty lamination for added durability
Show More

Top 10 Study Wall Maps - Verified to Buy (October 2026)

Top 10 Study Wall Maps Brands on Amazon

Here is the list of top-rated brands that were evaluated by CherryPicks.

  • KJZXF
  • Collins
  • ArtCantHurtU
  • Palace Learning
  • NOWMAP
  • South of Kings
  • Swiftmaps
  • Lighthouse Geographics
  • SUPVOX
  • Rand McNally

Related Study Wall Maps Guides

For more personalized Study Wall Maps guides, Check those pages,


Top 10 Study Wall Maps Sellers: CPR Seller Rank List

CPR sellers rank is based on CherryPicks-AI bestselling ranking system that helps us analyze each seller's sales trends. The List of top seller ranks is our in-house data, essential for our product ranking to help you make the right shopping choice.

Rank Name Yearly Feedbacks Avg. Ratings
🥇 Ambis Enterprises 20,900 4.5
🥈 swiftmap 16,558 4.9
🥉 Palace Learning 14,233 4.9
4 Maps International® 2,770 4.8
5 Reference Resources 2,035 4.9
6 The World Game 516 4.8
7 ArtCantHurtU 425 4.8
8 Amazon.com 386 4.7
9 The Map Shop 272 4.7
10 Houseiart 65 4.7
View or download top Study Wall Maps seller & rating report
Ambis Enterprises [20900] swiftmap [16558] Palace Learning [14233] Maps International® [2770] Reference Resources [2035] The World Game [516] ArtCantHurtU [425] Amazon.com [386] The Map Shop [272] Houseiart [65] Ambis Enterprises 36% swiftmap 28% Palace Learning 24% Maps International® 5% Reference Resources 3% The World Game 1% ArtCantHurtU 1% Amazon.com 1% The Map Shop 0% Houseiart 0%

[Get] Study Wall Maps Deals (✅Exclusively for Prime)

What does "Amazon Fulfilled" Mean?

Amazon Fulfilled refers to products handled by Amazon's logistics, which indicates that the product is stored, packed, and shipped by Amazon from one of its fulfillment centers.

When you order a product that is "Amazon Fulfilled," Amazon takes care of the storage, packing, shipping, and customer service for that product. This often ensures quicker delivery and better customer service compared to products that are not fulfilled by Amazon. It also means that the product is eligible for Amazon's return policy.

What does "Prime" Mean?

"Prime" refers to Amazon Prime Member (Join Amazon Prime Now), which indicates eligibility for Prime benefits. When you see "Prime" next to a product on Amazon, This generally means that if you are  an Amazon Prime member, you can get free two-day shipping on that product, and sometimes even same-day or one-day shipping depending on your location.

Prime members also have access to other benefits, including 2-Day Shipping, Exclusive Member Deals, Prime Video, Buy With Prime, Amazon Music, Prime Gaming, and more.

Shop Prime Study Wall Maps Deals

What does "Free Shipping" Mean?

"Free Shipping" means that you will not be charged additional fees for the shipping of that product. However, unlike "Prime," which usually guarantees fast two-day shipping, "Free Shipping" doesn't necessarily mean fast shipping.

Sometimes there might be a minimum purchase requirement to qualify for free shipping if you are not a Prime member. For Prime members, the "Free Shipping" usually refers to the free two-day shipping that is one of the benefits of the Prime membership.


Why Should You Trust Us?

Now hundreds and thousands of Education & Crafts supplies are available on Amazon, Picking the right one is not easy, and that may take a lot of your time, Right? and What is the best Study Wall Maps to buy for new October 2026?

CherryPicks’s Methodology for Evaluating Study Wall Maps

We developed the CherryRatings-AI system to identify and score reviews and the CherryPicks-AI ranking system that uses TensorFlow framework to generate the best list, It will help us evaluate Education & Crafts items that sell on Amazon. The score of items is based on over ten parameters such as analyzing customer review content, product reviewing rating statistics, brand reputation evaluation, comparing product price with features, etc, You can visit How We Rank to learn more in detail.

We collected and analyzed 306 of Study Wall Maps reviews based on our selection criteria. It helped us shortlist the top qualified and rated Study Wall Maps for Education & Crafts, We found that most customers choose Study Wall Maps with an average price of $19.23, and the top brands are Penguin Random House, Generic, Palace Learning, Collins, Swiftmaps, Maps International, SUPVOX And ArtCantHurtU. 

Then our expert-level editors reviewed all those quality items and selected the top 30 Study Wall Maps for you, We have researched hundreds of sellers and picked the top sellers for Education & Crafts, including Amazon Resale, HarperCollins Publishers, Ambis Enterprises, swiftmap, Palace Learning, Maps International®, Reference Resources, The World Game, ArtCantHurtU, Amazon.com, The Map Shop And Houseiart. The Adams Time Chart 3.0 Map of History Adam's Bibl... are available for purchase right now, and The seller of #1 rank product has received honest feedback from 3 consumers with an average rating of 5.0.

We've helped a lot of satisfied users get the right Office Products product based on their needs, and save lots of time for them to pick Study Wall Maps to buy.


Written By Barbara R. Pearson

Barbara is a lady with eyes for details. She is s lover of pet most especially cats and love to help people make the right office product purchase. On this platform, she would be utilizing her writing skills and experience in office product purchases to help us make informed buying decisions.